Robotic-Assisted Knee Replacement Surgery

Personalised planning and precision in knee replacement surgery

Dr Samson uses the Mako robotic-assisted system to support personalised planning and precision during total knee replacement surgery. The technology combines three-dimensional imaging, computer-assisted planning and robotic guidance to help tailor the position and alignment of the knee replacement to each patient’s individual anatomy.

Having performed more than 1,000 Mako robotic-assisted knee replacement procedures, Dr Samson uses this technology to assist with accurate bone preparation, implant positioning and assessment of ligament balance throughout surgery.

The robotic system does not perform the operation independently. Dr Samson remains in control throughout the procedure, using the technology alongside his surgical experience and clinical judgement.

The aim of knee replacement surgery is to relieve pain, improve function and restore mobility when knee arthritis is no longer adequately managed with non-surgical treatment.

1. 3D planning and personalised surgical preparation

Before robotic-assisted knee replacement surgery, a CT scan is used to create a three-dimensional model of your knee. The digital model allows Dr Samson to assess your individual bone shape, joint alignment and pattern of arthritis before surgery.
It also supports personalised planning of the:

This plan provides a detailed guide for your surgery but can be refined during the procedure based on your knee’s movement, stability and ligament balance. The final surgical decisions remain with Dr Samson, with robotic technology used to support planning and precision rather than replace the surgeon’s judgement.

2. Robotic-assisted bone preparation and implant positioning

During surgery, the Mako robotic system assists Dr Samson in translating the personalised surgical plan into precise bone preparation and implant positioning.

The technology uses real-time tracking and haptic guidance to establish defined boundaries for bone preparation. These boundaries help Dr Samson prepare the bone according to the planned implant position while limiting movement of the robotic instrument outside the designated area.

The system also allows the surgical plan to be adjusted during the procedure based on your knee alignment, movement and ligament balance.

Dr Samson remains in control of the instruments and makes all surgical decisions throughout the operation.

3. Intra-operative guidance and knee balancing

During robotic-assisted knee replacement surgery, the system provides real-time information about your knee alignment, movement and ligament tension. This allows Dr Samson to assess how your knee moves through a range of motion before the final implant position is confirmed. Your surgical plan is adjusted to help achieve an appropriate soft-tissue and ligament balance as your knee moves through its range of motion. This is important because knee balance can influence stability, movement, and overall function after surgery.

Robotic technology supports these decisions by providing objective measurements throughout the procedure, which Dr Samson uses alongside his clinical judgement to determine the most suitable implant position and soft-tissue balance for your knee. 

4. Your robotic-assisted knee replacement surgery

The pathway to robotic-assisted knee replacement generally involves the following steps:

1. GP referral and specialist consultation

A referral from your GP or another medical practitioner is required to be eligible for a Medicare rebate for your consultation with Dr Samson.

During your appointment, Dr Samson will discuss your symptoms, medical history, activity levels and any treatments you have previously tried. He will examine your knee and review any existing scans or imaging. Further investigations, such as X-rays or an MRI, may be arranged if additional information is required to confirm the diagnosis and guide treatment planning.

2. Imaging and assessment

A CT scan is used to create a three-dimensional model of your knee for Mako robotic-assisted surgical planning.

3. Patient-specific surgical planning

The imaging is used to develop a patient-specific surgical plan. Dr Samson reviews your knee anatomy, alignment, implant sizing and proposed component positioning before surgery. The plan can be adjusted during the procedure if required.

4. Pre-operative preparation

Before surgery, you may be asked to complete blood tests, a medical assessment and an anaesthetic review. You will also receive instructions about medications, fasting, hospital admission and preparing your home for recovery.

5. The total knee replacement procedure

During surgery, Dr Samson uses the Mako robotic system to assist with bone preparation, implant positioning, alignment and knee balancing. 

6. Hospital stay and early recovery

After surgery, pain relief, wound care and physiotherapy begin in hospital. You will usually be encouraged to stand and walk with assistance soon after the procedure, depending on your individual progress.

7. Rehabilitation and follow-up

Recovery continues with a structured rehabilitation program aimed at improving movement, strength and function. Follow-up appointments are arranged to monitor healing, review your progress and guide your return to everyday activities.